13:1-14:45. The Spies.

N²  O¹  13:1-14:38. The expedition.
    O²  14:39-45. The Episode.

13:1-14:38. The Expedition.

O¹  P  13:1-3. Command of Yahaveh.
     Q  a  13:4-16. Selection of spies.
         b  13:17-20. Directions to spies.
     Q  a  13:21-25. Searching of the spies.
         b  13:26-14:10-. Report and reception.
    P  14:-10-38. Provocation of Yahaveh.

Numbers 13)

1: And the Lord spoke to Moses (see 1:1), saying,
2: "Send you men (this was spoken in consequence of People's request. Cp. Deut.1:19-22, and "we will" of v.22. This was walking by "sight"), that they may search(for Yahaveh had told them about it. See Deut. 8:7-9. Cp. 1 Sam. 8:6,22, and Hos. 13:11. Yahaveh already espied it. Ezek. 20:6) the land of Canaan (cp. Deut. 7:11. The land of the seven mighty nations), which I give to the sons of Israel: of every tribe of their fathers shall you all send a great man (cp. Isa. 5:15), every one a prince among them" (this made the rebellion so serious).
3: And Moses by the commandment of the Lord sent them from the wilderness of Paran: all those men were captains over thousands of the sons of Israel (see Ex. 18:25).

4: And these were their names (tribe of Levi omitted because they receive no inheritance of the land. Their inheritance is Yehovah): of the tribe of Reuben, Shammua (= renowned) the son of Zaccur.
5: Of the tribe of Simeon, Shaphat (= judge) the son of Hori.
6: Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb (= capable) the son of Jephunneh.
7: Of the tribe of Issachar, Igal (whom God will avenge) the son of Joseph.
8: Of the tribe of Ephraim, Oshea (salvation, cp. v.16) the son of Nun.
9: Of the tribe of Benjamin, Palti (= whom Yahaveh delivers) the son of Raphu.
10: Of the tribe of Zebulun, Gaddiel (= fortune of God) the son of Sodi.
11: Of the tribe of Joseph, namely, of the tribe of Manasseh, Gaddi (= fortunate) the son of Susi.
12: Of the tribe of Dan, Ammiel (= people of God) the son of Gemalli.
13: Of the tribe of Asher, Sethur (= hidden, or mystical: by gematria = 666. probably marking the ringleader of the provocation) the son of Michael.
14: Of the tribe of Naphtali, Nahbi (= hidden) the son of Vophsi.
15: Of the tribe of Gad, Geuel (= majesty of God) the son of Machi.
16: These are the names of the men which Moses sent to spy out the land. And Moses called Oshea the son of Nun Jehoshua (Name occurs over 250 times; see the first, Ex. 17:9. Sometimes Jeshua [Neh. 8:17]. Greek, Jesus [Matt. 1:21. Acts 7:45. Heb. 4:8. In Deut. 32:44 called Hoshea again: Hoshea = savior, or salvation. Ya [Je], prefix = he by whom Yahaveh will save).

17: And Moses sent them to spy out the land of Canaan, and said to them, "Get you up this way southward (for first 9 miles, on account of roads, then by mountain passes eastward), and go up into the mountain:
18: And see the land, what it is; and the people that dwell therein, whether they be strong or weak, few or many;
19: And what the land is that they dwell in, whether it be good or bad; and what cities they be that they dwell in, whether in camps, or in strong holds;
20: And what the land is, whether it be fat or lean, whether there be wood therein, or not. And be you all of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land." Now the time was the time of the first-ripe grapes.

July (Ab) 1490 B.C.

21: So they went up (in the month of July), and searched the land from the wilderness of Zin (= flat) to Rehob (= broadway, street), as men come to Hamath (= fortress).
22: And they ascended by the south (= the Negeb, cp. Gen. 12:9; 13:1), and came to Hebron (= alliance. Ancient name, Kirjath-arba, or stronghold of Arba [Gen. 23:2,19, because built by Anak and the sons of Arba. Josh. 14:15; 15:13. The Tel-el-Arma Tablets show that certain bands of Hittite condottieri are called "Khabiri", or "allies" hence the name Hebron, which means "confederacy", or friendship, which is not met with till Ramases II, captured Kirjath-Arba. Ebed-Tob, king of Jerusalem [see Gen.14:18], in his letters to Pharaoh frequently mentions these Khabiri, or confederates of Amorites and Hittites. God's confederacy with His People in Christ was "before the foundations of the world" Before Zoan the city of the wise was known); where Ahiman (= brother of the right hand. Driven out by Caleb. Josh. 15:13,14. Slain by Judah. Judg.1:10), Sheshai (= noble), and Talmai (=bold), the children of Anak, were (=home born persons: usually of slaves. These were the result of a second irruption of the fallen angels. See Gen.6:4 "after that". These are clled "Nephilim" in v.33. The name "Anak" occurs here, and in vv.28,33. Deut. 9:2. Josh. 15:14). {Now Hebron was rebuilt (cp. Josh. 6:26. 1 Kings 16:34. 2 Kings 14:22. Isa.44:28. Amos 9:14) seven years before Zoan in Egypt (Built by the first kings of the 19th Dynasty. Ramases II made it his capital, cp. Isa. 30:4 and is the first to mention Hebron. Zoan was the scene of the Exodus [see Ps. 78:12,13], and "the house of bondage". For Zoan see note on Ex.1:10).}
23: And they came to the brook of Eshcol (= cluster of grapes), and cut down from that place a branch with one cluster of grapes, and they bare it between two upon a staff (no mere accident that these were brought. These symbolic of the "fruit" of our Lord, even of Him Who is the true Vine. He comes first.); and they brought of the pomegranates (His worship comes next, largely used symbolically in tabernacle and temple, see Ex.27, 28, and 29, and 2 Chron. 3 and 4), and of the figs (the common support of life in the East, next to bread. These symbolize the common duties of life. The grapes ad the pomegranates its luxuries and spiritual privileges).
24: The place was called the brook (or valley) Eshcol, because of the cluster of grapes which the sons of Israel cut down from that place.

August [Elul] 1490 B.C.

25: And they returned from searching of the land after forty days (#40 = the number of probation. At the end of August, exactly 6 months from setting up the tabernacle).

13:26-14:10-. Report and Reception.

b  c  d¹  13:26-29. Evil report.
       e¹  13:30. Action of Caleb.
      d²  13:31-33. Evil report.
   c  d³  14:1-5. The congregation.
       e²  14:6-9. Joshua and Caleb.
      d4  14:10-. The congregation.

26: And they went and came to Moses, and to Aaron, and to all the congregation of the sons of Israel, to the wilderness of Paran, to Kadesh-barnea (see Deut. 1:19); and brought back word to them, and to all the congregation, and showed them the fruit of the land.
27: And they told him, and said, "We came to the land to which place you sent us, and surely it flows with milk and honey; and this is the fruit of it.
28: Nevertheless (in spite of the evidence produced. This is the conclusion of sight, not of faith. Note the words "we saw", vv.28,32,33) the people are strong that dwell in the land, and the cities are walled, and very great (great in size as well as wickedness, abnormal, superhuman, see v.33): and moreover we saw the children of Anak there (this was "walking by sight, not by faith:. 2 Cor.5:7).
29: The Amalekites dwell in the land of the south: and the Hittites, and the Jebusites, and the Amorites, dwell in the mountains: and the Canaanites dwell by the sea, and by the coast of Jordan."

30: And Caleb (Heb = whole-hearted) silenced the people before Moses, and said, "Let us go up at once, and possess it; for we are well able to overcome it." (the conclusion of faith)
31: But the men that went up with him said, "We are not able to go up against the people (conclusion of sight); for they are stronger than we" (the conclusion of unbelief, which always leaves God out).
32: And they brought up an evil report of the land which they had searched to the sons of Israel (= sent forth a slander, cp. 14:37), saying, "The land, through which we have gone to search it, is a land that eats up the inhabitants thereof; and all the people that we saw (the language of unbelief) in it are men of a great stature.
33: And there we saw the giants (Heb. Nephilim. Those mentioned in Gen. 6:4 were all destroyed in the Flood; these came from a second irruption of fallen angels, "after that", i.e. after "those days" = the days of Noah. See v.22), the sons of Anak, which come of the giants: and we were in our own sight (it is all "sight" where there is no faith. 2 Cor. 5:7) as grasshoppers (or locusts), and so we were in their sight."

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